Sir Gawain and the Green Knight :: Character Analysis, King Arthur

From all the reputable figures of the tale Sir Gawain and the Green Knight the Gawain-poet considered chivalry and the knightly edict thee to the highest degree righteous way to relegate a gentleman within the medieval time period. King Arthur, Sir Gawain, and the Green Knight basked in the veneration of their peers and kingdom. Throughout the story these characters was presented in the esteemed glory, however, finished the duration of the novella the storyteller shown that each noble persona contained flaws. By interpreting their strengths and faults, the audience will be exposed to how the storyteller perceived elements of the code and chivalry. Dependent on such character, the differentiation of the regulations and codes will symbolize their role in the tale, further more, will elucidate the hardships of enduring the character. From where bold men were bred (Anonymous, pg.26), the most honourable (Anonymous, pg.26) Arthur resided at the renowned Camelot. Arthur being most favorable made his citizens and knights obedient to him and his desires. Sitting in the estate throne concludes that he must stay true to his religion, present nobility and courtesy. As well as, staying chase, when expected, and valiant for his kingdom. Defiantly fearless Arthur is swift to protect and defend his kingdom by taking upon the challenge prone from the Green Knight. Consequently, this situation portraits to the reader that valor, honor, and piety are all inevitability affiliated with King Arthur, as it shall be for such leaders. So for him being in a position of wealth and authority, he presents himself as a jejune juvenile. With moods of a boy (Anonymous, pg. 26), Arthur would not eat until . . . . he first was apprised of some opposed story or stirring adventure, or some moving marvel that he might believe in of noble men, knighthood, or new adventures or a challenger should come a champion seeking (Anonymous, pg. 26). King Arthur acting like an immature child is th e most vile characteristic for the particular that he is king and is expected of holding himself with class and dignity. Though his kingdom and himself is well known, his courtesy is not. Soon after the noble King went to defend his human action and reputation, the good Gawain verified his loyalty, courtesy and courage through defending the weaker by taking upon the laborious quest of his lord. Telling the King to save your blood in my body I boast no virtue (Anonymous, pg, 37) brings the initial feel for Gawain.

Anne Sexton Essay -- Literary Analysis

Most of us accept the stories we were told as children were false, or at least romanticized. At some point, the illusion was shattered, and Santa, the Easter Bunny and Cinderella were characters we fondly remembered. But although we recognized these figures and legends as illusions, we held on to many of the sentiments the stories, without questioning their application to adult life. Anne sacristan often uses these innocent, childlike images juxtaposed with cynical but more than realistic situations in order show that the lessons society teaches children, ones that children retain as adults, are illusions that do not properly illustrate the corrupt, violent world we actually live in.Sextons poem Cinderella, about rags to riches stories, clearly follows this pattern. First, the speaker tells four stories one of a plumber who wins the lottery, one of a she-goat who marries her bosss son, a milkman who makes a fortune in real estate, and a charwoman who becomes rich after a bus she was on crashes, and she collects on insurance. The progression of these stories themselves lay cynicism into the form of the poem. The speaker starts with a story about a lottery winner, which is something lucky and could be taken as the universe help a man struggling to take care of the twelve children. Next comes the nursemaid, who does have a romantic journey too, though not quite as incidental as this lucky plumber, because she captures the oldest sons heart. The choice of the word capture could be viewed as merely an idiomatic happenstance, or more maybe an implication that the speaker feels the nursemaid had some ulterior motive to love in her interactions with the son. After the nursemaid is the milkman. The milkman still has a romantic ... ...tons grapple is not with people on an individual level, but instead with the society that puts them in the situations that it does. This is significant because it shows Sextons goal is to illuminate societys flaws and lies rather than those of people. Often, the reader cannot help but feel a bit disheartened after reading a collection of Anne Sextons poems. Sexton herself was disheartened with the prospect of life, killing herself at the age of 45 after years in and out of mental facilities. Her poems certainly take cynicism to an extreme, but they inhabit the type of extreme valuable to the literary canon. Her poetry leaves the reader questioning the world around him, now able to see stories and past experiences in a new light. And although in the case of Sexton this light may be a shadow, the new depth it adds highlights to us that which we hold truly pure.

Major Theoretical Perspectives in Psychology Essay -- Psychology Paper

Major Theoretical Perspectives in Psychology INTRODUCTION In this assignment I will be describing the five major schools of psychological search. These are Behaviorism, Biological, Cognitive, Humanist and Psychoanalytical. I will then attempt to evaluate the pros, cons and practical applications of the Behaviorist and Psychodynamic approaches. BEHAVIORISM The earliest origins of behaviorism mass be caulescent from the philosopher John Locke (1632-1704). He believed that the human being is born as a tabula rasa. This effectively means a neonate is a blank slate with no prior knowledge or ideas. According to Locke it is experience through senses, which provides the mind. The modern founding father of behaviorism is John Watson (1878-1958). He believed that should be about the reckon of observable behavior and that behavior is molded by experience. Behaviorists believe that however complex a piece of behavior might be, it is possible to break i t kill and analyze it in basic STIMULUS-RESPONSE units. This theory also relates to Reductionism, where psychologists attempt to understand behavior by looking at the most basic parts. This S-R theory can be best demonstrated in the work of a Russian psychologist called Pavlov (1849-1936). His theory of Classical Conditioning centred on his study of dogs and his attempt to artificially watch a natural response. The sight/smell of food leading to salivation is an unconditioned S-R. He introduced a neutral stimulus when food was presented so the dogs associated the two. After this condition was complete the dog salivated when presented with the neutral stimu... ...ed from one subject. So if the basis for the research is in doubt the results must also be brought into question. In modern research a large sample is demanded to give room for error and individual differences. The main theme is that we are controlled by our past, this is true to an extent but it implies that we pay off no control over our lives. All our actions are pre-determined by past experiences. This has also brought reservations about the merit of Freuds theories. Flawed though it is, without it the world of psychology would be a different place. BIBLIOGRAPHY Printed publications Perspectives in psychology Wadeley and Birch 1997 Macmillan Psychology in perspective Hayes 2002 Palgram Mind watching H and M Eysenck 1994 MMB Internet Sites www.psychclassics.yorku.ca www.psychology.org

Sadistic Zealots :: essays research papers

OpinionSadistic ZealotsThe acts of terrorists on September 11, 2001, demolished two important the Statesnbuildings and executed thousands of unacquainted(p) victims. This united Ameri raises, both tomourn the loss of lives and to fight back against global terrorism. Howeverunforgivable, this attack was not a senseless act of violence by sadistic zealots. Apparently, the terrorists were not aware of the long-term consequences of their actions. The brainwashed crusaders may not have even known the motivation for the attack butwere blindly future(a) a twisted act of eccentric Muslims. In either case, serious short andlong-term reactions willing ensue until ultimately, a peaceful resolution will result or theworld will be at war.The causes of this atrocious terrorism are numerous and date back to biblicalhistory when liberty fighters were misguided by radical factions, such as the zealots whofought Roman domination while Christ sought peace. In the present, one of the chiefcauses i s Americas gift of approximately three billion dollars to Israel each year. Thismoney and support is then used to help the Israeli Army fight an endless territorial reserve waragainst Palestine. The result is anti-US. demonstrations in Palestine and other Arabcountries. The arsenals used by Israelis to attack Palestine were obtained throughAmerican aid. US technology has provided for easy international travel and contemporarybuildings and cities produce easy targets to kill innocent victims with one mighty blow.Therefore, when people ask today what Americans did to deserve this, the answer wouldbe simple. America entwined itself into a war over hallowed ground. Hoping to be amediator, it did not realize that it is in no place to proctor such a lurid bonanza. Basinger Hickey 2The reactions of Americans to the terrorism were what everyone expected. Aninitial fear of certain doom was followed by remorse and grief for the loss of lives. Nextcame the nationwide sacred profane swearing of revenge, one that was shared by the President of theUnited States. He vowed vengeance on the perpetrators of the attack. Among theindividual Americans, no consensus is available on what they feel needs to be done. Extremists feel that the only way to rectify this situation is to sacrifice all Arab countries.Others hope that there is no need for any more violence, as it can only escalate into evenmore trouble for targeted countries. For instance, perhaps the solution will be found bybringing Osama bin Ladin and his cult of kamikaze bandits to justness other then executingmillions of innocent Arabs with a bomb.

The Great Digital Divide Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

The Great Digital DivideThe digital divide is defined as the gap between the information considers, the information have-lates, and the information have-nots. This disparity has arguably persevered from as early as the advent of the Gutenberg printing press, and continues to be pervasive and to spread out in the present day. There are many individuals who commonly perceive the digital divide to be solely comprised of the disparity of access to computers and the Internet, but this is not the sole case. It is vitally important to recognize that the digital divide is not only comprised of an access inequality to computers and the Internet, but additionally encompasses the right of use to other telecommunications or technological devices for instance, cellular telephones, satellites, and even spanning into basic cable services for the rather universal activity of television watching. In chronological order, the following release will present a comprehensive consideration of the p remises of the digital divide, the cohorts affected and stratified by the digital divide, and finally the notions or initiatives that have been taken in an effort to halt this ever-widening gap. As aforementioned, in general, the digital divide consists of a disparity in access to technology. In more complex terminology, it is the abyss in access to technology tools and related learning opportunities, most commonly imposed by socioeconomic status, race, gender, and so forth (Digital Divide Network, 2002). Knowledgeable critics have typically sub-divided those affected by the digital divide into a triad of distinct assemblies the haves, have-lates, and have-nots (Globalization The Reader, p. 81). Haves include individuals w... ...obalization The Reader. Routledge Publishing New York, 2000.Digital Divide. PBS. (2002). Available Online http//www.pbs.org/digitaldivide/.Falling done the Net Defining the Digital Divide. National Telecommunications & Information Ad ministration. (1999). Available Online http//www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/fttn99/ contents.html.Gauntlett, David. Web Studies. Arnold Publishing New York, 2000.Sargent, Mark. Community Technology Centers A National Movement to besotted the Digital Divide. Digital Divide Network. (2002). Available Online http//www.digitaldividenetwork.org/content/stories/index.cfmkey=245. Kofi Annan IT Industry Must Help Bridge Global Digital Divide. Digital Divide Network. (2003). Available Online http//www.digitaldividenetwork.org/content/stories/index.cfm?key=272.

The Great Digital Divide Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

The Great Digital DivideThe digital divide is defined as the gap between the information haves, the information have-lates, and the information have-nots. This disparity has arguably persevered from as early as the advent of the Gutenberg printing press, and continues to be pervasive and to flourish in the present day. There ar many individuals who commonly perceive the digital divide to be solely comprised of the disparity of access to computers and the Internet, but this is not the sole case. It is vitally important to contend that the digital divide is not only comprised of an access inequality to computers and the Internet, but additionally encompasses the right of use to other telecommunications or technological devices for instance, cellular telephones, satellites, and flush spanning into basic cable services for the rather universal activity of television watching. In chronological order, the following expose will present a countrywide consideration of the premises of the digital divide, the cohorts affected and stratified by the digital divide, and finally the notions or initiatives that have been taken in an effort to halt this ever-widening gap. As aforementioned, in general, the digital divide consists of a disparity in access to technology. In more complex terminology, it is the abyss in access to technology tools and colligate learning opportunities, most commonly imposed by socioeconomic status, race, gender, and so forth (Digital Divide Network, 2002). Knowledgeable critics have typically sub-divided those affected by the digital divide into a triad of distinct assemblies the haves, have-lates, and have-nots (Globalization The Reader, p. 81). Haves include individuals w... ...obalization The Reader. Routledge Publishing New York, 2000.Digital Divide. PBS. (2002). gettable Online http//www.pbs.org/digitaldivide/.Falling Through the Net Defining the Digital Divide. internal Telecommunications & Information Administr ation. (1999). Available Online http//www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/fttn99/contents.html.Gauntlett, David. Web Studies. Arnold Publishing New York, 2000.Sargent, Mark. Community Technology Centers A National Movement to Close the Digital Divide. Digital Divide Network. (2002). Available Online http//www.digitaldividenetwork.org/content/stories/index.cfmkey=245. Kofi Annan IT Industry Must Help Bridge Global Digital Divide. Digital Divide Network. (2003). Available Online http//www.digitaldividenetwork.org/content/stories/index.cfm?key=272.

License to Procreate

Caroline McCall Philosophy 211 Stephen Everett, Section 001 October, 12, 2012 License to Procreate The question should large number procreate is a very opinionated one. There is no right or wrong answer scarcely a personal opinion found on facts to support it, I happen to side with Hugh Lafollette in his essay Licensing P arents. I provide argue that before people are allowed to procreate they should deliver to obtain a license which gives them the right to produce and raise kidskinren. Otherwise they should non be allowed any fryren until they father the license.First I will look at it from the childs point of view and explain how it is rational for them. Second I will look at the reasoning and policies of this theory. Finally I will discuss how it would change the modern today and how it would be implemented. The licensing idea came about to protect children from harm. When children are little they feces non defend themselves and contrive no one hardly their call forth s to depend on. Each year much than half a million children are physically abused or neglected by their parents.Many millions more are psychologically abused or neglected, not given love, respect, or a sense of self-worth (Lafollette 438). Children requirement constant care and support, whatever people are just not suitable to give the attention and love that a baby requires. An analogy of this would be a small puppy. My roommates and I really wanted a puppy for our house this year and one of the girls volunteered for it to be mainly hers so she would determine it home with her during breaks and continuously watch it.When we went to the pet store they would not let us have a dog because we were college kids and they said we didnt have the time that the puppy exacted devoted to it. A couple weeks later we called and asked if in that respect was any way we could get one still and they said we need to know your schedules, where it will at all times, who will be the main caregiver , and we need parental support. So in the end we ended up getting a five week old German Shepherd Lab mix, just only with the consent of someone who had accountable credibility.When I think of this I think of how we had every right to get a dog if we wanted to plainly we needed to understand what getting a puppy entailed, just same(p) how parents have rights to a child but they need to understand that they have to have accountable credibility to raise a child. Both slander and human sacrifices are prohibited by law both could result from the unrestricted effect of freedom of speech and freedom of religion. Thus, even if people have these rights, they whitethorn sometimes be limited in secernate to protect innocent people. (Lafollette 440).Parents do have a right to bear children, but children have a right to a good and beneficial life. Are the parents rights more valuable or important than the childs? Is it right to say that the parent is being selfish or self-centered if they bring a child into the world that they gougenot securely support? I think so because it is the parents duty to provide their child with the best life possible and to polish off on sure they succeed the best they can. Just like with adopting the puppy there are tons of qualifications that you have to meet when adopting a child.My family adopted my babe when we were both six years old. I was very small but I can still remember some of the process that we had to go through. We had to go star sign a ton of papers and then we had numerous interviews with both of the families. They wanted to rag sure that we could tolerate another child so they looked at my parents incomes, their house, where we lived, how many an(prenominal) kids they already had, how much time they could spend with the kids, etc. There were so many questions that we were asked just to make sure that she was going to be unspoiled in our house.My mother was a stay at home mom so she had plenty of time to spend w ith us and we were able to afford for Rachel, my sister, to be a part of our family. I know that if you are hand overing to adopt an infant the regulations are even tighter. Your house has to baby proofed and you have to have everything already ready for the baby when it comes home. If people have to go through those processes to get a puppy or even a child then why are we not requiring the biological families to do the same thing? Despite the trauma children often face before they are eventually adopted, they are five times less likely to be abused than children reared by their biological parents. (Lafollette 446). When you adopt you have planned and dreamed of having this child instead of a mistake that you are now stuck with. When you plan on having a child and are expecting it or wanting it there would be less exasperation or frustration towards that child. Having this process or program would definitely change the way the world is today. It would reduce or diminish the bab ies produced for welfare checks.Seeing as how my sister was one of those babies its terrible for parents to be dependent on the welfare checks which is for the children but it doesnt end up actually helping the children to an equal or flourishing life. This just goes to show an example of the parent that would not be given a license because they do not care about the childs well-being they just want the money that keeps coming in as long as they keep having babies. If this program were to be implemented in order to get your license you would need to take classes and tests.The classes would consist of nutritional information, hygiene information, health hazards, descriptions of behaviors and actions at certain ages, and basic needs for the child. I would excessively like to include a fake baby session where the couple or parent has to then take home a fake baby, one that can cry and be recorded so that the teacher can later look at the records and determine whether or not they are ready for their license. approximately high school students do this experiment but I think it would be highly effective for adults to try as well.After the classes I would like for some tests to be run on the potential parent or couple. A background check for previous violent or abusive records would obviously need to be looked into. Adults with an abusive or violent past from their parents or guardians are more likely to abuse their children than people who had a happy childhood. These adults are also less likely to be overall happy. After considering my third statement some might say that it intrudes on our constitutional rights. However, I do not agree with that because its just like having a drivers license.You have the right to drive a car if you would like to but because It can put someone else that is innocent in danger they make regulations that allow you to drive or not. These regulations are put in place to keep everyone safe and happy. So you may drive a car without a li cense but if you get pulled over there are going to be consequences because you may have put others lives in danger. Just like with having a child you have the right to have a child but because you are not licensed to have one you may be putting the innocent childs life at risk and there will be punishments for it. The punishment for having an unlicensed child would e something like adoption. If for some reason you happen to get pregnant you can apply for the license as many times as you would like but if the infant is born without a license then it would be taken into the adoption agencies custody. It doesnt violate your rights as an adult because that child has a right to fair and equal life just as you did when you were a child. An adults lifes choices or rights do not overcome a babys right. If you cannot provide the basics for a child then you should not be able to take it into a situation where it will never have an equal chance to succeed or be happy.Overall I have argued tha t people should not be allowed to procreate unless licensed through a process of interviews, tests, and classes where they will be evaluated to whether or not they would be acceptable parents. The children have a right to a successful and happy life because they are innocent people that have to have someone responsible to rely on to help make that happen. If the parents take the classes which teach them about how to be a great parent and help the child there should be no reason for them to fail unless they did not try or had a violent or abusive past and/or present.I couldnt imagine not having my sister and I know that she would not be the person she is today had she not been adopted by my family. She has had a very successful past and has a very bright future. Situations like this definitely make modern day society better for children. This program would eventually shape this nation to where there would be less abuse and violence towards children and support happier adults in the l ong run. Sources Shafer-Landau, Russ. The Ethical Life Fundamental Readings in Ethics and Moral Problems. New York Oxford UP, 2012. Print.

Impact of Use of Color in Yellow Fish by Ambai

Ambai, or C. S. Lakshmi (1944) hailing from Tamil Nadu, India comes on the forefront of modern Indian writers who have made a huge mark in World books as a whole. Her works be characterized by her passionate espousal of the cause of women, humour lucid and profound style and the touch of realism. She is one of the around important Tamil writers today, who have been included in the recently published book Picador book of Modern Indian Literature by Amit Choudhuri. Most of her stories are about relationships and they contain brilliant observations about contemporary life.Exploration of space, silence, coming to terms with ones body or sexuality and the importance of communication are some of the requiring themes of her works. The story, Yellow Fish is one of her most passionately feminine works. The imagery used here by Ambai is excellent and encapsulating as the reader finds his/her aver passion stirring as the story comes to the end. The used of colours is very symbolic in its i rony. Through the use of colours, Ambai has tried to depict the objects characteristics, adcommotiong to a greater extent material to the images, like a real life image anyone from her audience has experienced.The ash grey sea, unlike the unconsecrated green open stretch of space does more to depict the set of mind her fabricator possesses at that busy moment of time. The fact that images of the ash-grey sea and horrific colour images of the fisherwomens clothes were inserted, ought to glide by the reader a premonition, of kinds, about the dark turn, the narrative is about to take a little way ahead. With the unwanted, thrown away fish too, comes an upsurge of images with in writing(p) colours, the colour yellow being associated with the pale rusting leaves, that fall, and are left to lie around in the most discarded state.The narrative begins with the vivid definition of the scene of fishing boats returning of the sea. It is high summer and the sand is heated up. Images of s ea and water are predominant. There is a juxtaposition of images of faded blue and the ash grey sea. The bright colors of the fisherwomens clothes demonic red, blinding indigo, profound green and assaulting blue, stand vibrant against the white boats and the bodies of the men, darkened by the saltwater, the black hands of the fishermen and the brown of the wood and the white bellied fish.Image of the fish being unloaded is also particularly staunch since the good fish is sprinkle on the troughs, and the rest, that is the bad ones are thrown away. The sea and the water are life-giving sources for so many life-forms, but suddenly, our attention is drawn away from the din of the fisher-folk to a little yellow fish thrown away on the sand of the shore. The line catches our attention because Ambai makes it stand out with her expertise of speech, as if about drawing our attention towards ourselves. The first person narrative fixes the perspective and point of view of the story.The detai l of colour follows as the narrator observes the varying colour schemes in the events. The colour of the fish is yellow, is significantly pointed out to us as it is put into limelight as it is one of the bad fish caught by mistake and was brought home. The narrator takes her time to stoop and watches fish shuddering and gasping for breath. It is this image that wrenches the memory of a similar incident of gasping for breath by Jalaja. Like Jalajas mouth, stands alone forcing us to think about the abrupt change from one sequence of events to another.Were interpreted into the imagery used by Ambai to show us the occurrences on that particular day, rather than actually narrating. The first image is that of the narrator standing outside Jalajas room constantly watching her little daughter struggle to survive. The side by side(p) image is that of the ashes being brought home, in a small urn and the narrators insistence that the mouth of the urn be left open and the ashes to be immersed i n the sea. ostensibly unrelated are the thematically linked with the deep use of images and metaphors.In both cases we witness an astounding struggle to survive. Gender differences emerge in the difference in attitude of Anu and Arup Arup who fails to understand why Anu wants the lid of the urn open, and the loud sobs, hint at the intense grief buried in the narrators heart. She is trying to wait on her child breathe as she couldnt earlier. For Arup its just ashes, whereas for Anu, its her daughter inside, whom she wants to liberate. Jalaja, born of water, whom she wants to release into the water, the open sea.All the pent-up feelings of helplessness, frustration and grief, that she could do aught to save her daughter, resurfaces when the narrator watches the yellow fish gasping for breath and thrashing hopelessly to go back to the sea. The arrogant leap of the fish can be metaphorically interpreted as the endless possibilities if oppurtunities are provided. It also points towar ds the overriding theme of self- liberation present in all of Ambais written works. Anu has also taken a plunge towards freedom from bondage of ideologies from grief taking her towards realization.

Complete monopoly Essay

Today, some(prenominal) firms are enjoying a monopoly of their products/services in the commercialize. Monopoly may be defined as the complete hold in over a commodity enjoyed by a particular company in the market. There will be only a solo producer or supplier of the commodity and customers have to depend on them whenever on that point is a demand since there are no substitutes available. As a result, such a manufacturer can have an absolute control over the price as well as quantity available in the market.An other(a) benefit enjoyed by the monopolies are that they do not face any risk of an opponent entering the market. In order to establish complete monopoly, usu everyy companies take heraldic bearing of the following things 1. They acquire the complete control over the key raw materials required for manufacturing the product. 2. They may acquire a patent in order to be the solo manufacturers or providers of the product or service. 3. They acquire the technical and product ive efficiency to meet the market demand for their commodity.Usually a commodity produced by the monopolies will be manufactured in fewer quantities only and their cost may be higher. Since there is no market competition, the advantages are mostly enjoyed by the manufacturers. Little are the benefits obtained by the consumers, since they have no choice when a demand arises. FEATURES OF MONOPOLY The following are the main features of a monopoly market 1. In a monopoly, there is a solo manufacturer or provider of a commodity. So all the demands in the market are to be met by this private vendor.2. Highest benefits are enjoyed by the solo manufacturer. 3. The price, quantity as well as the quality of the commodity is the absolute decision of the manufacturer. Normally, commodities available in a monopoly market will have a higher price. 4. There is no competition or substitutes in a monopoly market. Even if a competitor wants to enter a market, it is a very difficult task. TYPES OF MO NOPOLY There are various types of monopoly prevailing in the market. Various classifications have been made based on different criteria.This component checks in detail the classifications 1. Based on ownership a. Public Monopoly In a public monopoly, the product/service is provided and controlled by the Government of the country. Unlike other monopolies, public monopoly does not depend upon maximizing profit theory. Rather it is concentrated on the benefits of the people. For example, the Oil Industry in Abudhabi is the monopoly of ADNOC. There are no competitors to ADNOC and passive gasoline is provided to the residents at a reasonable price. b.Private Monopoly In strong contrast to public monopoly, in the vitrine of private monopoly, the product/service is provided and controlled by private firm or an individual. Their main concentration will be on maximizing the profit and hence such commodities will have a higher price. For example, the diamond manufacturers De Beers enjoyed a complete monopoly over the market for about 100 years. In a drive to achieve maximum profits, they created a ill-considered impression that the diamond supply was becoming limited and hence increased the rates which mounted up their profits. 2.Based on the price a. Simple Monopoly In the case of simple monopoly, the price of a product/commodity is the same regardless of the customers. Usually it has control in a particular market only. For example, the pissing supply in Abu-Dhabi is taken care of by ADWEA. The price charged is the same across the emirate indicating a simple monopoly. b. Discriminating Monopoly In the case of a discriminating monopoly, the price is discriminated according to the customers. Such a commodity will have different prices in different regions. Normally, such a firm has control in various markets.For example, the cost of Mercedes Benz car is different in different countries of the world. In Germany, where it is manufactured, it is usually sold at a rela tively lower price. In UAE, the price is higher than that in Germany. In India, the price is higher than that in UAE. 3. Based on competition level a. Perfect Monopoly In perfect monopoly, there is absolutely no threat from any competitors. Such firms enjoy complete control without the fear of any competitor entering the market. This is the most sublime case and is difficult to be established in realty. b.Imperfect Monopoly In imperfect monopoly, there is no competitor in appearance. But the company may be in the fear of an opponent entering the market in the near future. As the name indicates, the seller do not enjoy the complete features of an ideal monopoly because there is a threat of competition. For example, until recently Etisalat enjoyed the monopoly of telecommunications and internet services in the UAE. But with the entry of du, Etisalat is facing an imperfect monopoly as du is widening its service to all the realms of Etisalat. 4. Based on how the monopoly is achieved.a. Legal Monopoly Legal monopoly is usually the monopoly acquired by a firm by legal procedures with the sanction from the Government. Copyrights, trademarks, patents etc are legal tools for obtaining monopoly over a product or service. For example, the company Telstra acquired a legal monopoly over providing telecommunications service in Australia. b. Natural Monopoly Natural Monopoly is the monopoly obtained naturally without any legal procedures. Such a monopoly is obtained due to the advantage of good-will, plentiful resources, good site etc.For example, Middle East enjoys a natural monopoly over the gasoline resources in the area. CONCLUSION Although many firms enjoy a monopoly over their products, seldom do such regulations benefit the customers, except for the case of public monopoly. Since there no competitions, the competitive advantage is besides denied to the customers and mostly they are forced to buy the product despite their hesitation. However, monopoly is most enjoyed by the firms exercising it.REFERENCES 1. Goodwin, Nelson, Ackerman, Weissskopf. (2009). Microeconomics, 2nd edition.

Exam Study Sheet

ERP as a seam concept resounds as a powerful internal tuition precaution nirvana Every adept involved in sourcing, producing, and delivering the smart sets product works with the same information, which eliminates redundancies, reduces wasted time, and removes misinformation. Learning outcomes Buffet believes In foc roled Investing and believes that every last(predicate) Investors should look at five features 1 . The matter of course with which the long-term economic characteristics of the business can be evaluated 2.The certainty with which concern can be evaluated, both as to Its ability to realize the full authorization of the business and to wisely employ Its cash flows 3. The certainty with which management can be counted on to channel the reward from the business to the shareh hoarers rather than to Itself 4. The get terms of the business the degree by which an investors purchasing-power return is reduced from his gross return Innovation finding new six best practices of innovation Find your applicable edgeAssemble innovation hotho physical exercises Reward risk takers Celebrate diversity Look around Mix practitioners and developers Social entrepreneurship going green Social Responsibility implies that an arrangement has a responsibility to society. Corporate Policy reflects the position a keep company takes on social and political issues. Sustainable or Green describes systems that minimize damage to the environment. postcode consumption Breakdown of Power Usage in The regular data Centre For convenience and to entirelyow for automatic updates and backup, the majority of computer equipment is never wholly shut down.It d sensitives energy 24 hours a day. Percentage lighting/humidifier power distribution units air conditioners Ups IT equipment Chiller E waste State Refers to discarded, obsolete or broken electronic devices Sustainable IT disposal Refers to the safe disposal of MIS assets at the end of their life cycle Electronic Product Stewardship Canada (PEPS) an industry association that educates and encourages e-waste ascendance Recent International laws restrict the use of hazardous materials.Moors Law has made technological devices sm every last(predicate)er, cheaper, and faster, allowing more people from all income levels to purchase computing equipment. This increased affect is causing numerous environmental issues. State refers to drives, printer cartridges, cell phones, pods, remote hard drives, TVs, Vicars, DVD players, microwaves, and so on. Greener IT four ways to save energy in a data center use outdoor air for cooling, cool high density areas, use low power appendageors, incorporate cooling solutions, use server power management, buy high efficiency power supplies, use overpopulation to consolidate servers.Organizational social networking three types of social networking an organization can implement static search Boomerangs Marketing networks Passive Search?Finding people for new Jobs who are happy and productive where they done business networking sites. Boomerangs?Former employees returning to old Jobs. Marketing Networks?Using business networks for marketing and events Its a whole new world Virtual World?An Internet resource which presents a AD practical(prenominal) community.Virtual Organizations- interactive web presence for businesses and their customers. Virtual Workforce?working from home Or anywhere via the Internet. Tools for virtual workforce Mobile commerce (m-commerce)?ability to purchase goods and services through a mobile device. Telemetric?The blending of wired and wireless technologies for efficient electronic communication. Electronic tagging?the use of RIFF (radio frequency identification) and other systems to regrets upon and tracking digital assets. 4. initiative resource planning ERP Failures Blaming ERP for the pickle that many a company who has implemented ERP find themselves in is like blaming the CAD mailboat for a poorly architect buil ding. Like just about everything else, IT-enabling business processes is about using the veracious tools for the right reasons and executing. Enterprise resource planning fluxs all departments and functions hat employees can make enterprise-wide decisions by viewing enterprise-wide information on all business operations.ERP powerful organization tools Solution to incompatible applications. Addresses the need for ball-shaped information sharing. Avoids the expense of fixing legacy systems. Legacy Systems?are older computer technology still in use. Functional Systems? serve single business departments or units. Legacy systems exist in personal computing as well as business Enterprise resource planning system heart and soul data employees, orders, customers, sales, inventory 0 ERP- Global sales report,Global manufacturing report, global shipping report Enterprise resource planning ERP Integration Data Flow At the heart of all ERP systems is a database when a user enters or upda tes information in one module, it is immediately and automatically updated throughout the entire system Data (centre) purchasing, accounting and pay, manual resources, inventory, manufacturing, marketing and sales Why do organizations need integrations, if an ERP system contains one database that connects all applications together?Most organizations operate functional silos, and from for each one one department happily has its own systems A company might purchase an ERP and therefore all of the functional silos would be on one system however, this doesnt make it very oft in the real world ERP automates business processes such as order fulfillment?taking an order from a customer, shipping the purchase, and then billing for it.With an ERP system, when a customer service representative takes an order from a customer, he or she has all the data necessary to complete the order. When one department finishes with the order, it is automatically routed via the ERP system to the next d epartment. To find out here the order is at any point, a user inescapably only to log in to the ERP system and track the order.ERP systems automate business processes, for example, order fulfillment When a practiseer Service Representative (CARS) takes an order from a customer, he or she has all the information necessary to complete the order (the customers credit rating and order history, the companys inventory levels, and the delivery schedule) ERP process flow Datacentre sales/ extract/order warehouse pack/ship receiving returns accounting/billing/payment The organization before ERP Multiple functional systems provide support for the unique needs of each department but cannot be integrated across the enterprise document management, workflow, ERP Etc The organization after ERP A central processing needs of each functional unit while having data sharing across the enterprise. Core and extended ERP components The evolution of ERP ERP material planning, order entry, distribution , general ledger, accounting, shop floor concord Extended ERP scheduling, anticipation, capacity planning, commerce, warehousing, logistics ERP -II project management, knowledge management, workflow management, customer relationship, human resource, portal capabilityCore ERP components traditional components included in most ERP systems and they primarily focus on internal operations Extended ERP components extra components that meet the organizational needs not covered by the core components and primarily focus on external operations Core and extended ERP components Three most common core ERP components 1 . Accounting and finance 2. Production and materials management 3.Human resource Accounting and finance ERP component manages accounting data and financial processes within the enterprise with functions such as general ledger, accounts payable, accounts receivable, budgeting, and asset management Dudley Harley-Davidson Canada (DDCD), the exclusive Canadian distributor of Ha rley- Davidson motorcycles, has amend inventory, turnaround time, margins, and customer satisfaction?all with the implementation of a financial ERP system Production and materials management ERP component handles the various aspects of production planning and movement such as demand forecasting, production scheduling, Job cost accounting, and quality control Production and materials management ERP components This figure displays the typical ERP production planning process. The process begins with forecasting sales in order to plan operations. A detailed production schedule is developed if the product is produced, and a materials requirement plan is ideal in the product is purchased. Sales forecasting 0 operations planning 0 detailed scheduling/production, 0 materials requirement planning, purchasing Human resource ERP component tracks employee information including payroll, legal requirements of multiple Jurisdictions and tax authorities Extended ERP components include condesc ension intelligence Customer relationship management Supply range managementE-business Business intelligence describes information that people use to support their decision-making efforts Customer relationship management involves managing all aspects of a customers relationships with an organization to increase customer committal and retention and an organizations profitability Supply set up management involves the management of information flows between and among stages in a bring train to maximize total tack chain effectiveness and profitability E-business means airing business on the Internet, not only buying and selling, but also Irving customers and collaborating with business partners Primary Users and Business Benefits of Enterprise Applications Enterprise application CRM, SCM, ERP Examples parenting/CSS, customers, accosting finance logistics Integration Middleware Several different types of software that sit between and provide connectivity for two or more soft ware applications The attached corporation Enterprise application integration middleware Takes a new approach to middleware by packaging commonly used applications together, reducing the time needed to integrate applications from multiple vendorsMeasuring ERP Success with the equilibrise Scorecard The Four Primary Perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard Vision and system financial, internal business process, customer, learning and growing Balanced Scorecard is a measurement system whose objective is to clarify the companys vision and strategy and translate them into actions. It starts with the customer Customer?To achieve our vision, how should we appear to our customer. Financial -To watch over financially, how should we be appearing to our shareholders? Internal Business Process?To satisfy our shareholders and customers, what business processes must we excel at? Learning and Growing?To achieve our vision, how will we arrest our ability to change and improve? Successful ER P projects share 3 attributes 1. Overall fit Off the rack Off the rack and tailored to fit Custom made 2.Proper business analysis Successful companies spend up to 10 percent of the project budget on a business analysis 3. good implementation plans A plan is needed to monitor the quality, objectives, and timeliness Overall fit This refers to the degree of gaps that exist between the system and the business process. A well-fitting ERP has no major process gaps and very few minor ones Proper business analysis The best way to determine which fit strategy is right is to conduct a thorough business analysis. Successful companies normally spend up to 10 percent of the project budget on a business analysis. Chapter 5 Operations Management and Supply Chain Management SECTION 5. OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT over view Operations Management Fundamentals MM in Business Information Systems persona in MM SECTION 5. 2 SUPPLY CHAIN FUNDAMENTALS Supply Chain Fundamentals Information Systems Role in the Supply Chain Supply Chain Management Success Factors Future Supply Chain Trends Operations management foundations Production management describes all the activities managers do to help companies create goods. Operations management (MM) is the management of systems or processes that convert or transform resources (including human resources) into goods and services. A transformation process is often referred to as the technical core, especially in manufacturing organizations, and is the actual conversion of inputs to outputs.Operations management fundamentals Operations Involves the Conversion of Inputs into Outputs Example of Inputs, Transformation, and Outputs MM in business Typical MM activities include Forecasting Capacity planning Scheduling Managing inventory Assuring quality Motivating and training employees Locating facilities Forecasting Estimating demand for a product/service Capacity Planning Determining the amount of space, equipment and throughput is needed to achieve the production targets. Scheduling Determining when the production will occur. Managing inventory Ensuring raw materials will be available on time and in place and that work in progress and sinless goods have storage.Assuring quality Ensuring standards are met through sampling inputs, in process work and outputs. Motivating and training employees Appropriate pay, benefits, scheduling, and direction, supervision and instructions. Locating Facilities Determining where to put production facilities and the cost effectiveness of close major markets or away from markets and close to transportation routes. Hierarchy of operational planning IS support for operations strategy depends on IS support for operations strategy depends on Level of available technology. Skill level of workers. Degree of vertical integration, to what degree the suppliers are owned (or partnered) with the company. Extent to which outside suppliers are used.SUB Strategic Business Unit?is a stand-alone business under a c orporate umbrella Strategic Planning?are the collection of decisions focus in doing the right things over a longer period of time MR. Systems?use sales forecast to make sure parts and materials are available Global scroll Management Systems (SIMS)?locate, track and predict materials and components by installing GAPS in transportation vehicles Operational Planning and Control (POP&C)?deals with day-to-day operations. Competitive MM strategy fin key competitive priorities that can add value for customers 1 . Cost 2. Quality 3. Delivery 5. Service 1 . Cost?key determinant in a customer purchase decision 2. Quality?product quality should reflect the exact requirements of a customer Process quality ensures a conformable error-free quality level.Several international quality methodologies exist including Six Sigma Quality, SISSIES, IS014000, TTS, COMIC. An assignment for students is for individual students or groups to research one of these methodologies to see when they started and by whom what objective is achieved and how what prominent companies use them today and why and what the advantages as well as disadvantages there are. 3. Delivery?fast and reliable 4. Flexibility?offering a wide variety of products to customers. pass a choice of environmentally friendly products and services. 5. Service?New products revert to being commodities quickly. Often the distinguishing factor is the service provided by the supplier. M and the supply chain Supply chain consists of all parties involved, directly or indirectly, in the procurement of a product or raw material Supply chain management (SCM) involves the management of information flows between and among stages in a supply chain to maximize total effectiveness and profitability. The four basic components of Supply chain management (SCM) are Supply chain strategy Supply chain partners Supply chain operation Supply chain logistics Supply Chain Strategy. A company must have a plan for managing all the resources that go toward meeting customer demand for products or services. Supply Chain Partners Companies chosen to deliver finished products, raw materials and services.Supply Chain Operations -Scheduling production activities, including jesting, packaging, and preparing for delivery. Supply Chain Logistics?product delivery process and elements including orders, warehouses, carriers, defective product returns and invoicing. A typical manufacturing supply chain Supplier, storage, manufacturing, storage (finished goods), distribution, retailer, customer A typical service supply chain Supplier, storage, service, customer SCM software can enable an organization to generate efficiencies within these move different supply chain components. Impact of Efficient & Effective Supply Chain Management on Porters Five ForcesEffective and efficient SCM systems can enable an organization to Decrease the power of its buyers Increase its own supplier power Increase switching costs to reduce the threat of substitut e products or services manufacture entry barriers thereby reducing the threat of new entrants Increase efficiencies while seeking a competitive advantage through cost leadership Organizations supply chain Supplier power + 5. 2 Supply Chain Fundamentals Supply chain fundamentals The supply chain has three main tie in 1 . Materials flow from suppliers and their upstream suppliers at all levels 2. Transformation of materials into semi-finished and finished products through the organizations own production process 3.Distribution of products to customers and their downstream customers at all levels Collecting, analyzing, and distributing transactional information to all relevant parties, SCM systems help all the different entities in the supply chain work together more effectively SCM has significantly improved companies forecasting abilities over the last few years A Typical Supply Chain for a Manufacturer Supplier/supplies 0 suppliers manufacturer (transformation) distributor retaile rs customer customers customer They need to determine all areas and potential threats that make the supply chain vulnerable. For example, An unusually bad season in Australia causes the eucalyptus harvest to fall short of expectation production levels, which causes the price to skyrocket The factory in Lit, Pennsylvania, is destroyed by a fire One of its transportation ships sinks A hurricane causes one of its transportation ships to be delayed The five basic supply chain management components Plan This is the strategic portion of supply chain management. A company must

College Essay Essay

Topic In the space provided, please write a concise narrative in which you identify a meaningful event, experience or accomplishment in your life and how it will affect your college experience or your contri yetion to the UF campus community. You may want to hypothecate on your family, your school or community activities, or your involvement in areas outside of schoolHurry up The plane leaves in two hours, my ma reminded me as I swiftly, yet reluctantly continued to stuff more and more be dourings into the tiny taxi. Waving good-bye to family members and friends, who I had spent my wholly life with, was an exceptionally uncomfortable and difficult task. On the way to the airport as my mom tried to comfort me, she constantly reminded me, Life will be no different in the Dominican Republic than in the USA. However, this proved to be false as soon as I stepped off that plane. non understanding a single word being said around me, I realized I would have to adapt to a new culture, bu t at the same time carry on my own.Class, this is Alberto and he will be joining our class for this last month of the school year, the teacher yelled as I stood next to her puzzled and embarrassed. For a some hours, I plainly sat in my chair without saying a word, reflecting on my already missed memories of school in Rhode Island, until another student named Luis approached me. Of course, I was expecting him to say something in Spanish, but shockingly he spoke to me in English. Without hesitation, I responded to him and we rapidly became close friends.As time went on, I realized that all those Spanish classes I had taken in Hendricken were not a waste of time, and were finally start to pay off. After just a few weeks I accomplished my goal of speaking a different language, and was able to exchange a few words with my teacher and other classmates in Spanish. From then on, my fear turned into a desire to learn more and more about the Dominican culture and teach others about mine.As the school year came to a close, we were told to bring food for a party we were going to have to celebrate a prosperous year. Hot dogs, hamburgers, pizza, just to name a few different things, were set on the table. The shy whispers of my classmates showed their eagerness for what I had brought. These are called meatball surprise they are a meatball sandwich mixed with pasta and topped off with grated cheese I proudly announced, as people tried and promptly fell in have a go at it with the food. It felt great to be able to teach others about my own culture andheritage while learning about theirs.It didnt take long to overcome my fear and turn it into a desire to adapt to a new world and teach others about mine. I went to the Dominican Republic as a boy just trying to get service hours but I left a man and understanding that everybody needs help and if you lapse it, you will be rewarded somehow. Now, three years after this life-changing event, I am reminded everyday by my habits an d actions about my American roots and my newly acquired Dominican traditions. What happened in the D.R will evermore be a part of me because when I think of the Dominican Republic I can think to myself that I helped family have a house and food and water and that will always be a positive thing to me. Whether at the University of Florida, or anywhere else, I will always carry, teach, and expand on my distinct heritage.

Charles Murray Essay

The New Right came from the work of the American Sociologist Charles Murray who viewed well-being payments has causing lone parenthood which in bout created an under club. Charles Murray visited the UK in 1989 and said it has a developing underclass. Murray said the underclass are defined by their behaviour. Their homes are littered and unkempt. The men in the family are ineffective to hold down a job. Drunkenness is common. The children grew up ill-schooled and ill-behaved and contribute to a disproportionate share of juvenile delinquents Murray saw underclass as behaviour a lifestyle choice, a disease which infects authentic groups of populate.When I use the term underclass I am indeed focusing on a certain type of myopic person defined not by his condition, for example, long-term unemployment, but by his deplor sufficient behaviour in response to that condition, for example, unwilling to come jobs that are available to him. This shows how members of the underclass define th emselves as different by their own behaviour. Murray singles out three forms of behaviour that define underclass locating * Parenting behaviour* Criminal behaviour* Labour market behaviourSpecifically, it is illegitimate births to young women, habitual crime and particularly violent crime, and the refusal of young working class men to enter employment that determines the existence of an underclass. If illegitimate births are the leading indicator of an underclass and violent crime a proxy measure of its development, the unambiguous proof that an underclass has arrived is that large numbers of young, healthy, low-income males choose not to take jobs. (The young idle rich are a separate problem). (Murray, 1990) Since, in his analysis, it is the poor themselves that are to blame for their indigence, because they either choose to act as in a certain way, or are conditioned to do so by over-generous regime welfare, the policy solutions that flow from this analysis are, not surprising ly, aimed at changing the behaviour of the poor. The alternative, improving the effectiveness of the welfare programmes, is not considered. Indeed for New Right theorists, the welfare state is a major part of theproblem. What such theorists would seek is the dismantling of the welfare state, and a situation set up that would make it dysfunctional for individuals to act in deviant ways.David MarslandSociologist David Marsland has adopted the new right approach and does not believe that pauperism is as bad as others are making out. He claims that groups such as the Joseph Rowntree Foundation purposely confuse poverty with inequality and completely exaggerates the extent of poverty. He argues that there is only absolute poverty and that intercourse does not exist. Marsland is very critical about universal benefits and services such as health care, education and child benefits. He believes that people who are on low income are results of the state being too generous in their benefits and services rather than the individuals inadequacy to work (Haralambos & Holborn, 2008). A credit from Marsland the expectation that society, the state, the government, they, will look after our problems tricks us into abdicating from self-reliance and social responsibly (Marsland 1989). However, Marsland has been criticised by Bill Jordan who says that he is wrong to blame the culture of habituation to universal welfare provision. He argues that selectively means testing benefits can trap people in a life of poverty. It often turns out that people are better off on benefits than they would be in work.It also can exclude the individual from the rest of society and make them feel shamefaced and embarrassed that they receive benefits. Also, if education and health care are private then people with disability and unskilled workers may not be able to afford or find work. Jordan also claims that societies that rely upon means-tested benefits and private health care, tend to develop a large underclass, who have little chance of escaping from poverty this is the case in countries such as America. Jordan states that poverty is a result of societies being too harsh. He argues that the only way to break the cycle of poverty is by universal benefits that are at a high enough standard so people can afford to work and get foul up on their feet (Haralambos & Holborn, 2008). Despite this, the New Right approach has been influential across Western countries, and the Conservative party is in power in Britain today.

Buying Happiness: The Depressing Reality of Materialism, written by Peter Dobson

In the article Buying Happiness The Depressing Reality of Materialism, written by Peter Dobson, he analyses the causes of depression as well as the potential cure. Dodson makes clear what he believes to be the root of depression for great deal in society. Dodsons arguments are clear throughout his article and with the statistical information used, it seems to be the best possible to strengthen. His article is not specific to any one group of people but truly to everyone who is a consumer.Dodson is very weighty in his argument and he is successful at dong so because of his supporting separate. It is made easy for the referees to recognize and relate to his arguments. Dodsons argues that one of the major(ip) reasons many are depressed is due to the many activities people participate in that actually does not result in much emotional, physical or mental benefit. Dobson was persuasive in this argument because many poop relate to the experience of feeling empty even after partic ipating in a number if activities.This is because there are always new things to buy, new sites to surf which can only hold out attention for so wide and keep us excited or happy for even less(prenominal). Those who consume themselves in these activities frequently tend to be more materialistic, who replace the void of gratification with many useless things. Dodson is quite persuasive when he analyses this because he references the feelings that a someone may encounter as well as the effect it has on the relationships with others around them and the world they now feel secluded in.Dodson makes his readers think about their own experiences, which many will be able to relate to his arguments. Dodson gets in to the minds of his readers by analyzing what people do compared to what they should be doing. He is successfully persuasive in how he presents his arguments because the readers may already have that with deficiency of interaction and socialization comes the feeling of depress ion. Dodson observes trends in Canadians and uses statistical data published by the Washington post in 2006 to help argue that Americans decease less time with their families and more time at work.Dodsons argument is persuasive once again. He makes a strong correlation between workings and the time spent with family. little time with family equals more time eating along and less human contact, which is needed for the growth of humans and maintaining mental health. Less time with family can leas to depression because more time is taken consumed in work you would rather not do. Dodson is persuasive because he takes a sensitive subject field such as family and he breaks it down to show how family is one of the strongest and significant construction needed in anyones life.He proves that without much of a family structure or the necessary time spent with family, people tend to feel more isolated and less supported. Dobson makes clear that without one another, especially those who incriminate a lot to you then we dont have much to build happiness from. With all the trends and repetitive behavior Dodson put into perspective, the readers are easy shaked to believe that we as people and as a society are moving down a path with a dead end. We tend to start that those with high standards of living should automatically be happy.Dodson makes clear with facts that material goods can only allow people to live comfortably but in no way does this guarantee happiness. Dodson is persuasive because he states facts that are easily agreed with. People in society can understand what it takes to be happy and understand that having wealth and material things can possibly harm us rather than do us any good because it simply doesnt fulfill our deepest desires. It actually suppresses it causing more of a void and desire to be happy. Having to buy the latest fashion and keep up with trends while losing more sleep can all lead to stress.The thought alone is tiresome. This is what Dodson tries to get his readers to understand and relate to. He paints a picture to his readers about how easy it is for these activities to lead to lowered ego esteem and reduced sense of well being, which is nothing close to rewarding. This alone is a huge trigger for depression. Dodson uses his own analysis and it is successfully used to persuade his readers that there is a certain lifestyle to be lived by for regular people. He makes clear on what leads to depression and what we should be doing to cure this illness.The supporting evidence used helps the readers to understand the point of view and put themselves in relatable situations. Dodson persuades his readers that we are not on the correct path and are actually steered away from what the true up meaning of happiness is. Dodson Summary In the article Buying Happiness The Depressing Reality Of Materialism, by Peter Dodson, he analyses the causes of depression in society as well as potential cures. He argues that society is on a dead path to happiness and that levels of depression are actually at all time high. Money buys happiness is one of the notions our society abides by which is actually hindering and the leading cause of depression. We are nowhere tight fitting happiness because we are misguided by what we believe true happiness to be. The author addresses the issues and correlation between money and material goods. He addresses the assumption that people who have high standards of living are believed to be happy, which is false. Money and material goods only provide a comfortable lifestyle but in no way does it guarantee happiness.Studies have actually shown that in addiction to this, intense pursuit of wealth and material goods can actually lead a person to become ill. Dodson argues that people are more prone to depression when they embrace materialism. Materialistic people tend to participate in activities, which actually provide them with no physical, mental or emotional benefits. They are only provided with short-term satisfaction but nothing to truly fulfill their deepest desires. Engaging in these activities also leads to lack of social interaction and doing things that are better for their well being.Dodson also addresses the fact that more people are working more thus leading to less time spent with family, which is an important part of growth. We require interaction with others and the less this is being done the more depressed people become. More time is spent doing activities alone such as eating, watching tv and none to discuss personal problems with. With the many different trends Dodson proves how we are moving in the wrong focalisation and need to change a lot of our activities and mindset in order to move away from depression and towards happiness.

Organizational Performance Essay

1) Explain how governing bodyal structure hobo impact organizational performance. Structures of any kind is important in any state of affairs or career field. Structure provides a sense of accountability to individuals. Rules and guidelines are enforced and adhered to for the purposes of not lone(prenominal) attaining control of the workforce but to also ensure every team member has total apprehensiveness of their role. Employees are assured their efforts are important to the overall goal of the organization. Structure equates discipline discipline as well as stern communication is key of any successful business. (Green, 2015)2) Discuss how organizational finale is shaped and how it influences organizational performance. Organizational structure refers to the way that an organization arranges people and jobs so that its work can be performed and its goals can be met (Droege, 2015). Management should be able to motivate subordinates, and understand each employees characteristic s. This Intels mainly on strengths and weaknesses of an individual. By management understanding the workforce this action enriches the morale of the organization and reinforces positive organization performance. http//www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Ob-Or/Organizational-Structure.htmlixzz3SaRfcWdA3) Discuss the benefits and consequences of organizational politics. Organization politics is dangerous and toxic as any other politics. The motives are perceived as positive but yet somehow let up negative results. This could be brought upon because of many selfish schemes to progress individually or even personal propaganda in which leaves a lot of issues of the people unattended to. Benefits could be of simple nature.Depending upon the complex of the problem, and how many employees it could potent effect. concord toorganizational politics can be a nasty business where people promote their testify self-interests at the expense of company goals. It can also be secretive, and it can cause us to distrust the intentions of other people(Witt, L.A. (1998) Witt, L.A. (1998) Enhancing Organizational Goal Congruence A Solution to Organizational Politics. Journal of employ Psychology, 83(4), 666-674. www.businesspsych.org

Moda Textile Factory: Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Essay

1. How have Sergei and Olgas lives change in Soviet days? Are their lives collapse? After the collapse of Soviet Union, Kyrgyzstans economics was slowdown since they was moving to market-based economy. Sergei and his wife lost their excogitate and moved to capital. They borrowed money from family and friends runing profession outside of the capital. After long period of time doing business over China, India, and Turkey, they did a better job and had enough capital for a largest department store in town. Their business was getting better and they built their own sewing factory of high quality app bel. The clients are wholesale traders who sold their thoroughlys to retailers in Kazakhstan and Russia. They had many difficulties in raising capital, exporting to new market, and many pocket-sized local competitors. Even still having many challenges, their lives were much better than the period of Soviet Union.2. What is Moda Textile grinders competitive advantage? How stick out it be used to expand the business? firstlyly, Moda Textile milling machinery had a good relationship with their customers. Sergei had worked with most of his customers for many years, some of them were old friends of family, and also friends he knew during purchase trips to Turkey. These loyal customers could bring him a lot of orders. Secondly, Moda Textile provided customer high quality products. They also had plan to make fashionable Italian imported cashmere coats. Different with other sewing workshops, Moda Textile want to interrupt their market not only in Kyrgyzstan but also in USA, Russia, and Europe. With a bigger lay market, they will have more(prenominal) opportunities to expand their business.3. What kind of people should Sergei and Olga look for as business abetter _or_ abettor to help them to expand their market outside Kyrgyzstan? How should they find a partner they can trust? What can they do to build trust with person? The best way to enter an outside market is looking for someone who has experience in working in that local market. For instant, the local business partners are good choice since they know the language, culture, and behavior of their area. Multinational companies, who is currently working in the local market because they mogul have experience of a foreigner entering that market. Finding partners they can just is not simplified and takes a lot of time. Therefore, they should take business trip to that area, do some market research well-nigh it, and lower a small contract with some partners. They need time to adapt to new milieu and know what their partners benefits from their business. And they can expand their business gradually when they know the partner and the market better.4. How can Sergei and Olga baffle producing fashionable womens cashmere coats in their factory? Is this feasible or should they give up the dream? put up an action plan to move their business in this direction. Sergei and Olga could produce the fashionable womens cashmere coats as their dream. First of all, they should find out target market for the womens cashmere coats since the market in Kyrgyzstan is too small to develop. The countries homogeneous USA, Russian, or Europe are good choice since they have stable politics and provide more information to foreign traders. Secondly, they may want to find some partners, who understand the local markets to help them start with small contracts. They should get familiar to transportation, tax system, special policies, and culture of these markets. After 1 or 2 years working in different markets, they would realize advantages or difficulties of each market. Based on these experience, they could start doing bigger contracts with foreign customers.

Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev

Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev was born in Tobolsk, Siberia, on February 7, 1834. Dmitri died January 20,1907 at age 73. He was a blonde haired, blue-eyed boy, and the youngest of 14 children. His become mare Korniliev s family settled in Tobolsk in the early 1700 s and introduced paper and glass devising to Siberia. Ivan Dmitri s father died when he was a young boy, leaving his wife to support the large family. So female horse had to find work to put the children to school.Maria s family owned a glass factory, allowing her t recall over managing the company for a modest wage from which she could support the family. Dmitri being the youngest must have been his mother s favorite child and was provided as many opportunities as she could afford. Form Dmitri s early years, she began to bear mvirtuosoy for Dmitri to attend the university. He spent many hours in the glass factory his mother operated, acquisition from the chemist about the concepts behind glass making and from the glass blower about the art of making glass.At age 14, he was attending the Gymnasium in Tobolsk. In that year a southward major family tragedy occurred, the glass factory burned down. There was no money to rebuild and the completely money was the money saved for Dmitri to go to the university. Maria was non about to give up her dreams for her son. She knew that Dmitri had to go to school on a scholarship. So she paused Dmitri to improve his grades and prepare for entrance exams. Dmitri did not insufficiency to or cared about other subjects other consequently science. He entangle that history and Latin were dead subjects and expend of his time.In 1849, the family moved to Moscow. Because of political problems university was reluctant to admit anyone from outside of Moscow. Dmitri s mother did not want to give up here, so the family moved again to St. Petersburg. Dmitri took the entrance exams at Pedagogical Institute. He did not get the best grades but well enough to be admitted to the science checker-training program on a full scholarship. Maria died shortly after Dmitri s acceptance at St. Petersburg. Shortly after his child died, both from tuberculosis. Dmitri was now alone.He got tuberculosis also and the doctor told him he had two years to stand firm unless he moves somewhere more suitable. Even with this disease he graduated on time. He had his proximo planed and did not want to die yet, so he move to Simferopol in the Crimean Peninsula. Between 1859 and 1861 he canvass the densities of gases with Regnault, A. P. Borodin and Cannizzaro. These people had great influences in his life. He began to teach back at St. Petersburg in 1863. In 1866 he became known as Professor of Chemistry at the University and was made Doctor of Science.He love to teach and spent most of his time in his classroom. Lot of his lab work including the periodic table was make on his spare time. In 1863 Dmitri married Feozva Nikitchna Lascheva. They had two children. A boy named Volodya, and a daughter named Olga. Mendeleev never really loved Feoza and spent little time with her. In January 1882 he divorced Feozva so he could marry his niece s best friend Anna Ivanova Popova. She was a lot younger than Dmitri but the town loved each other. They had four children together. He made several publications.Most famous one was Organic Chemistry, which was create in 1861 when he was 27 years old. This book won the Domidov Prize. The first edition of Principles of Chemistry was printed in 1868. Both of these books were classroom texts. His greatest accomplishment was the stating of the Periodic Law and the development of the Periodic table. He felt that there was some type of order to the elements, and spent more than thirteen years of his life assemblage data and assembling the concept, initially with the idea of resolving some of the chaos in the field for his students.Dmitri was one of the first modern-day scientists that did not rely on his own work but in s cientists about the world in order to receive data that they have collected. Then he used their data along with his own data to arrange the elements according to their properties. By 1869 he assembled detailed descriptions of more then 60 elements. On November 29, 1870 Dmitri took his concept even further by stating that it was possible to predict the properties of undiscovered elements.He then proceeded to make predictions for three new elements and suggested several properties of each, including density, radii, and combining ratios with oxygen, among others. People did not believe his theories. They honorable ignored it and did not take Dmitri s work seriously. In 1875 when Frenchman Lecoq de Boisbaudran discovered one of the predicted elements with he named Gallium, Dmitri ideas were taken seriously. The other two elements were discovered later and their properties were found to be remarkably similar to those predicted by Mendeleev. He was 35 years old when the initial paper w as presented.Throughout the remainder of his life, Dmitri Mendeleev received numerous awards from carious organizations including the Davy Medal from the Royal Society of England in 1882, the Copley Medal, the Society s highest award in 1905. He got unearned degrees from universities around the world. Dmitri Mendeleev s work means a lot to us. Imagine how hard it would have been to memories the elements without a periodic table? I admire Dmitri, because not only for his achievements but the way he achieved them. He had a tough childhood and yet he turned out a brilliant man. Dmitri did not give up his dreams but kept chasing after them.

Organisational Culture Essay

Culture gibe to Kroeber and Kluckholn (1952) finish consists of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behaviour acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievement of human groups, including their embodiment in artifacts.Sinha (2000) suggests that Culture consists of totality of assumptions, beliefs, values, social systems and institutions, physical artifacts and behaviour of people, reflecting their desire to maintain continuity as healthful as to adapt to external demands.Organisational CultureOrganisational socialization is a system of sh atomic number 18d meaning held by members that distinguishes an make-up from other organisations.Organisational culture is the set of values that helps the organisations employees understanding which actions ar considered unexception equal to(p) and which atomic number 18 unacceptableAccording to Schein, Organisational Culture is outlined as A pattern of shared radical assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration, that has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as a correct way to perceive, think and feel in relation to those problems Gareth Morgan has described organizational culture as The set of the set of beliefs, values, and norms, together with symbols like dramatized events and personalities, that represents the laughable character of an organization, and provides the context for action in it and by it.Types of Organizational CultureOrganisational culture can transform in a number of ways. It is these variances that incompatibleiate 1 organisation from the others. Some of the bases of the differentiation are presented down the stairs 1. Strong vs weak culture Organisational culture can be labelled as strong or weak based on sharedness of the core values among organisational members and the degree of commitment the members have to these core values. The high the sharedness and commitment, the stronger the culture increases the possibility of behaviour consistency amongst its members, while a weak culture opens avenues for each one of the members showing concerns unique to themselves.2. Soft vs hard culture Soft work culture can surface in an organisation where the organisation pursues multiple and conflicting goals. In a soft culture the employees guide to pursue a few objectives which serve personal or sectional interests. A typical interpreter of soft culture can be found in a number of public empyrean organisations in India where the management feels constrained to take action against employees to maintain high productivity. The culture is welfare oriented people are held accountable for their mistakes exactly are non rewarded for good death penalty. Consequently, the employees consider work to be less important than personal and social obligations.Sinha (1990) has presented a case study of a public sphere of influence fertilize r telephoner which was established in an industrially backward rural area to promote example generation and industrial activity. Under pressure from local communities and the government, the company succumbed to overstaffing, converting mechanised operations into manual operations, earnings of overtime, and poor discipline. This resulted in huge financial losses (up to 60 percent of the capital) to the company.3. Formal vs informal culture The work culture of an organisation, to a large extent, is influenced by the formal components of organisational culture. Roles, responsibilities, accountability, rules and regulations are components of formal culture. They set the expectations that the organisation has from every member and indicates the consequences if these expectations are not fulfilled. Mechanistic and organic cultures The most important aspects of organisation in public sector companies include hierarchies, supervision, control, formalisation, flow of authority and commu nication from top to bottom, etc., rather than the results or outcome. Organisations with these characters are termed as mechanistic organisations. They follow status quo strategy and therefore resist innovation and obstreperousness on the part of employees. These organisations also lack customer-orientation and employee welfare.Tata Infotech, on the other hand, is more flexible and open. Jobs and roles are not defined rigidly and employees are given freedom to adjust themselves to the environmental requirement. Concern is more towards the outcome and results, but not the procedure or hierarchy.Communication in this company is more multi-directional. The informal communication is astray used. Decision-making is more decentralized. People with the ability to handle problems are given freedom to assume authority and responsibility. This company is a continuous learning organisation from the environment and such companies are termed as organic structures.The artist culture de-motiva tes the competent people and leads to negative organisational culture and while the organic culture motivate the able employees to be competitive and innovative.Authoritarian and participative cultures Authority to make the decisions is centralised at the top management aim in Nagarjuna Fertilisers Limited. Consequently, the CEO of the company makes the decisions and informs them to the lower levels in the organisation. Such culture of concentration of authority and force-out at the central level is called authoritarian culture. Such a culture kills the initiative and innovativeness of the employees at different levels.In business line, Cybertech Systems and Software decentralises the power and authority decision-making. In fact, employees are involved in decision-making. Communication flows not only from the top to bottom but also from the bottom to the top. Such type of culture is called participative culture. Participative culture shape ups the employees to be innovative, ro ugh and to take risks.Features of Organisational CultureThe analysis of the above definitions indicate the following features of organisational culture revolution and risk taking Innovation is the way of life in Microsoft. Innovation the key characteristic of Gillette Company. Companies encourage the employees to innovative and risk takers at different degrees.Attention to detail Employees in the Boston Consultancy Group are expected to be precise, uninflected and endure attention to even the minor details. Thus, organisations require their employees to be precise, analytical and pay attention to the minute details at different degrees.Outcome orientation Coromandal Cements expects its employees to improve their performance at least by 5% every year irrespective of the approaches they follow. Thus the organisations require their employees to pay attention or the results.Pople Orientation Hewlett and Packard announced one day unpaid holiday for every nine working days and avoided lay-off. Thus, the organisations take the effect its decisions on the employees.ei Team orientation Global Solutions repeats We Work. It does mean that activities are designed around teams but not individuals. Thus, we today find team jobs rather than individual jobs. belligerence The employees of State Bank of India were not allowed to be aggressive whereas the employees of IDBI Bank are expected to be aggressive and competitive. Thus, aggressiveness is the level to which the employees are expected to be competitive rather than easygoing.Stability Most of the Indian Universities still have the status quo strategy of maintaining the traditional values and beliefs of Guru and Shishya parampara of Gurukulas Radical change In contrast to the stability strategy, most of the organisations after 1991 have the growth, diversification and conglomerate diversification strategies. It is the degree at which the organisational activities mark growth and diversification Customer Orientation P izza Huts build relationship with the customers and then adapt aggressive marketing strategies. It is the degree to which the management decisions take into considerations the effect of outcomes on customers of the organization. indicates the consequences if these expectations are not fulfilled. Table 1.1 presents almost of the components of formal culture and their implication for organisations.

Haverwood Case Analysis Essay

Haverwood Furniture Individual SummaryIntroductionIn 2008, Haverwood Furniture and Lea-Meadows Inc. merged into maven company. The issue at hand involves merging the exchange efforts of the two companies. They both go roughly selling their products differently and the best plan of action is uncertain. John Bott, of Haverwood, believes that Haverwood gross revenue workatives implement the best selling system whereas Martin Moorman, the national gross revenue manager at Lea-Meadows believes that they have the superior strategy. Haverwood is a manufacturing company that makes medium-high priced article of furniture do out of wood. Net gross revenue for Haverwood was 75 million in 2007 with a before tax net of 3.7 million. They employ their own gross gross revenue representatives who represent 1000 different sell accounts for the company. These representatives earn an annual hire of 70,000 (plus expenses) and receive a commission of .5% of the companys net gross revenue. Haverw ood believes that their gross revenue personnel are passing regarded in the furniture industry, knowledgeable about wood furniture, and go forthing to work with buyers and retail gross revenue personnel.The yet negative aspect about Haverwoods selling strategy is that all of the retail accounts that the merger will create do non carry the complete Haverwood line. In order to combat this, Botts was instructed to push the sales reps, urging them to make 10 sales confabulates per week and increasing the call frequency to seven calls per year. On the other hand, Lea-Meadows is a small, privately owned manufacturer of upholstered furniture for living and family rooms. The company is known for apply some of the finest fabrics and frame construction. Their net sales in 2007 were 5 million. Total industry sales for upholstered furniture manufacturers were 15.5 billion.This number is expected to increase 3% annually in the future. Lea- Meadows employs 15 sales agents. These agents also represent several manufacturers of noncompeting furniture and home furnishings. Sales agents are paying 5% of net company sales. The agents call on specialty furniture and department stores. They called an estimated 1000 retail accounts in 2006 and 2007. All of the agents had relationships with and worked c retrogressly with their retailaccounts.AlternativesOption 1 Assign Lea-Meadows Line to Haverwood Sales ForceBotts believes that assigning the line to Haverwood sales cart was the correct decision beca part they have a professional, adaptable and knowledgeable sales force and they know many of the buyers personally who were responsible for upholstered furniture. In addition the Haverwood sales team has a 5% higher arrive at margin than that of Lea-Meadows. In addition, taking on the Lea-Meadows line would require only about 15% of modern sales call time, making it relatively easy for the sales force to take on. Botts also called on the company motto that only our people are ab le and willing to give, meaning that Lea-Meadows salespeople would not represent the principles the company was founded on.His final reason was that it wouldnt look favorably on the company if representatives and agents called on the same stores and buyers, which would also mean that Haverwood would possibly be paying commission twice on atomic number 53 sale. However Bates knows that it would be difficult to train the Haverwood sales representatives on all of the different aspects of the Lea-Meadows line.Break regular(a) AnalysisCosts$700,000 in salaries$130,000 in sales administrationTotal $830,000Break Even equivalence$830,000+(.005x)=.05xX= $18,444,444.44This number means that if the expected sales volume is greater than $18,444,444.44 then the companys sales force should be used. If the expected sales volume is less than $18,444,444.44 then the independent sales agents should be used. For Haverwood, since their projected sales is equal to 78 million ((12,900,000-12,400,000)/ 12,400,000) industry growth is 4%, utilize that to Haverwood sales, it signifies that Bates should use the Haverwood Sales force to sell the Lea-Meadows line.Option 2 Keep Lea-Meadows Sales AgentsMoorman believes keeping the sales agents for the Lea-Meadows line is the right decision. He called upon the fact that the agents (and he, himself) have already established contacts and were highly regarded with years of experience. The sales agents would also be a very small cost beyond commission. In addition he believes that the agents are committed to the line. Moreover he argued that some of the Lea-Meadows agents called upon buyers that were not contacted by the Haverwood sales reps. Finally, he disagreed that the Haverwood sales reps could easily learn about the Lea-Meadows line. With the combinations of fabric, skirts, pillows, springs, and fringes the company has, the sales rep would have to be knowledgeable about over 1 billion possibilities.However, as shown by the break even an alysis, it is not economically excusable for these two companies to operate separately any longer. Just by the economics, it is an easy decision for Bates to just use the Haverwood sales agents. Bates, However has personal ties with Moorman which affects his decision. If they do not use the Lea-Meadows sales agents, then Moorman will lose his job. Although this is a significant factor for Bates, it is obvious that using Haverwood sales representatives if the right decision for the company in terms of profitability.Option 3 Hire More Sales RepsThe third option that Bates is considering is hiring additional sales representatives. These sales representatives would be trained to understand Haverwood and Lea-Meadows furniture. However, doing so would require restructuring the sales territories and would possibly take commissions outside(a) from existing sales representatives. It also does not seem necessary to take on additional sales reps after conducting the break even analysis.Recom mendationBecause of the break-even analysis, it is easy to see that Bates should decide to solely use Haverwood, Inc. sales representatives. It is more profitable for the company to give these accounts to the Haverwood sales reps. It would also allow Bates to have more run over the sales representatives as they would all be Haverwood reps and not Lea-Meadows.

Survey analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Survey analysis - Research Paper ExampleIn this visual sense The AC Nielsen Online Consumer community aimed to determine the confidence levels in consumers and conducted a worldwide survey in 42 markets. The results from the survey indicated that in markets with a sample size of 500, the error margin was plus or minus 4.4% and in markets with a sample size of 1000 consumers, an error margin of plus or minus 3.1% was likely to occur.In this confidence survey, over 23,500 people were interviewed in 42 markets word wide in Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, southward Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, United Kingdom, and the United States. The market sample in each market was just about 500 but in China, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States it was 1000.About 57% of the respondents admitted to cut down on out of root word entertainment and 53% claimed to spend less on buying new garments to sustain their budgets. About 48% said that they would delay upgrading their technology in order to stay inwardly their budgets.In the five regions surveyed worldwide, the priorities given by the consumers varied among the consumers. Out of home entertainment was the first issue that 61% of consumers in Latin America would cut down on, 58% in Asia pacific and 54% in Europe. In North America, 70% of Canadians and 66% of Americans would be the takeout meals as compared to out of home entertainment. In addition, saving on gas and electricity was a priority among the North Americans.A survey on the political situation in the United States of America regarding the popularity of American presidents namely The presidential moving in approval was conducted and

The organisational change of a packaged manufacturing company of Essay

The governmental change of a packaged manufacturing company of Australia named Amcor - Essay ExampleThe paper tells that in present days dynamic and competitive business context, governances need to adjust with the fluctuating purlieual situations by constantly introducing changes so that they can stay competitive and cost-effective. Substantial transformations take place when an organisation carry out changes, for instance, apply new technology, amaze union, make acquisition, reduce tasks, reorganise operations, or usher in new programs. Organisational changes atomic number 18 generally encouraged by a requirement to maintain or develop organisations efficiency. The efficiency relates to the organisations capability to utilise resources competently, to chance upon immediate neutrals as well as to embrace the necessity to changing business delineate. Thus, organisational changes help organisations to stay competent for longer period of sentence. According to Ackerman, there are three kinds of organisational change which are developmental change, transitional change and transformational change. Developmental change refers to the change for augmenting and exploitation the present situation of an organisation. It often emphasises on developing the abilities and the cognitive processs. The transitional change denotes shifting from present condition to anticipated condition where provisional shift happens over an organised time period. The transformational change is fundamental in nature and necessitates an alteration in expectations on the part of organisation and the employees. (Ramanathan, 2009). Organisational Development Organisational development is a procedure and activity which helps to bring transformations and accomplish greater efficiencies such as augmented financial performance, improved node satisfaction and better employee participation among others. The focus of organisational development is to assess the present functioning of organisat ion and accomplish the objectives by increasing the ability. Organisational change is a wider conception than organisational development and can be used in managing the organisational transformation (Cummings & Worley, 2008). The nature of change in Amcor is developmental change because it had applied change across numerous locations, divisions and business units in order to develop the safety measures and improve the performance through reduction of time and cost. Amcor had used the constant improvement approach of change which empowers the employees to lead towards alteration from bottom-up stage. The strategic objective of change for Amcor is to maintain accountability in packaging experience (Manufacturing Skills, 2007). Context and Background Amcor is a manufacturing organisation based in Melbourne (Australia), which produces varieties of plastic, string, copper and glass wrapping products and delivers packaging oriented services. Its business has spread in 24 nations and almos t half of the income is derived from outside of Australia. It is known as one of the most significant organisations on the basis of grocery store capitalisation, sales and profit in the international market (Charles Sturt University, 2011). With the increased competition in the global market, Amcor had faced the challenges of high raw material price and the need for improving customer and market competences. These aspects had resulted in the requirement of organisational change in Amcor. Amcor operates in a progressively competitive business environment where only the fittest and capable organisation can survive and prosper. Thus, in order to survive in the market, Amcor had alter the organisational culture and behaviour by implementing lean manufacturing in their