Management Theory - 14588 Words

Chapter two The Evolution of Management Theory Learning Objectives 1. Describe how the need to increase organizational efï ¬ ciency and effectiveness has guided the evolution of management theory. 2. Explain the principle of job specialization and division of labour, and tell why the study of person–task relationships is central to the pursuit of increased efï ¬ ciency. 3. Identify the principles of administration and organization that underlie effective organizations. 4. Trace the changes that have occurred in theories about how managers should behave in order to motivate and control employees. 5. Explain the contributions of management science to the efï ¬ cient use of organizational resources. 6. Explain why the study of the external environment†¦show more content†¦The next revolution in car production took place not in the United States but in Japan. A change in management thinking occurred there when Ohno Taiichi, a Toyota production engineer, pioneered the development of lean manufacturing in the 1960s after touring the US plants of the Big Three car companies. The management philosophy behind lean manufacturing is to continuously ï ¬ nd methods to improve the efï ¬ ciency of the production process in order to reduce costs, increase quality, and reduce car assembly time. In lean manufacturing, workers work on a moving production line, but they are organized into small teams, each of which is responsible for a particular phase of car assembly, such as installing the car’s transmission or electrical wiring system. Each team member is expected to learn all the tasks of all members of his or her team, and each work group is charged with the responsibility not only to assemble cars but also to continuously ï ¬ nd ways to increase quality and reduce costs. By 1970, Japanese managers had applied the new lean production system so efï ¬ ciently that they were producing higher-quality cars at lower prices than their US counterparts, and by 1980 Japanese companies were dominating the global car market. To compete with the Japanese, managers at the Big Three car makers visited Japan to learn lean production methods. In recent years, Chrysler Canada has been the North American model for speed in automobile production. Chrysler’s Windsor, OntarioShow MoreRelatedTerror Management Theory1289 Words   |  6 Pagesboth humans and animals, the understanding of one’s own mortality is uniquely human. How do we, as humans, deal with the terror that is associated with this knowledge? According to Terror Management Theory (TMT), developed by Jeff Greenberg, Sheldon Solomon, and Tom Pyszczynski (1989), the need for â€Å"terror management† is a fundamental function possessed by humans and cultural systems. Based on the writings of anthropologist Ernest Becker and inspired by Freud’s work on how death provokes belief in mysticalRead MoreManagement Theory And Management Theories1254 Words   |  6 Pagespurpose of developing the management theories is to bri ng out better ways to manage people. According to Aguinaldo Powell (2002), management theory evolves con-stantly with the continuous stream of new ideas that come from the attempts to transform theory into practice, and vice versa. As essential personnel identify promising methods that assist in managing responsibilities, it will lead to management theories progressing. This paper will il-lustrate how management theories have emerged over theRead MoreManagement Theory And Management Theories1272 Words   |  6 Pagespurpose of developing the management theories is to bring out better ways to manage people. According to Aguinaldo Powell (2002), management theory evolves con-stantly with the continuous stream of new ideas that come from the attempts to transform theory into practice, and vice versa. As essential personnel identify promising methods that assist in managing responsibilities, it will lead to management theories progressing. This paper will il-lustrate ho w management theories have emerged over theRead MoreManagement Theories And Management Theory1003 Words   |  5 PagesManagement Theories Management theory can be used in many organizations when starting out a business. It addresses how managers and leaders relate to their organization in the knowledge of their goals. It implements on how to set the goals and motivate their employees to perform in a high standard. Management theory consist of three important aspects operation strategy, innovation management and process management. Operation Strategy is to maximize the effectiveness of the whole production, butRead MoreManagement Theories Of Management Theory2222 Words   |  9 PagesManagement Theories Evolution Management practice cannot exist without the support of a theory. The complex character of management as the scholarly discipline, the variety of opinions concerning the essence and content of management theory, require systematizing knowledge about this phenomenon. Management theory is a relatively new science since its systematic development and academic research has started mostly in the 20th century. Although it is difficult to name the most important theories andRead MoreThe Theory Of Management And Management1690 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Management is one of the remarkable activities within human society began with a group or to an larger organization that are able to accomplish a same goals and objectives, by defining what is management and how is important to human being society many management theorists have produces (many models that can be used for successful organization change and winners respond to the past and complexity of change and adapt learn and act quickly (Mildred,G. Sonia T. 2008 ) different theories or viewsRead MoreThe Contingency Management Theory And Management Theories1164 Words   |  5 Pagesof management, understand different management theories and to apply them appropriately depending on the organization, the mission and the situation. Flexibility is one of the greatest traits a manager can possess in an extremely competitive market. One management theory that subscribes to flexibility is the contingency management theory. Adaptability is crucial in today’s business environment, especially for organizations trying to remain significant in global industries. All management theoriesRead MoreThe Theory Of Management And The Scientific Management Theory Essay1208 Words   |  5 PagesTheories of management date back to the beginning of times. Every aspect of life contains some form of management. From managing oneself, to managing employees, to managing an entire corporation, management is a key part of life. Over time different theories have been developed and have evolved. Some of the first theories ever explored include the administrative management theory and the scientific management theory. While both of these theories were studied in depth, I believe that one of the greatestRead MoreManagement Theory Of Management And Management937 Words   |  4 Pagesnumber of theories have been used in company management. However, management of company could not be effective if only rely on theories. In fact, a good company development requires not only suitable theories selection but also consistency with practice in appropriate organization environment. Further, a company’s successful also need team work, creatively to together process. This essay focuses on how to make the company management effectively with some cases. There is no doubt that theory of managementRead MoreEvolution Of Management Theory And Management Theories2135 Words   |  9 PagesEvolution of Management Theory Jamal Roberts Pasco Hernando State College Evolution of Management Theory In reality, every person in a management position handles the way that they do their job differently. Management is one of the most important parts of an organization, if not the most important. However, the development of management in organizations has changed dramatically from the late eighteenth century to now. In the eighteenth century, managers relied on power and setting strict